Understanding the difference between Autism and ADHD can be confusing. Both conditions share similarities, but they are distinct in how they affect individuals. To add to the complexity, some people have both conditions, making it harder to differentiate between the two.

This article will break down the key differences, symptoms, and overlaps between Autism and ADHD to help you better understand each condition.

What Is ADHD?

ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) is primarily a condition that affects attention, focus, and impulse control. It can impact daily activities, work, school, and relationships. ADHD is categorized into three main types:

Inattentive type – They have Difficulty focusing and staying organized.
Hyperactive-impulsive type – Excessive movement, impulsiveness, and difficulty sitting still.
Combined type – A mix of both inattentive and hyperactive symptoms.

Common Symptoms of ADHD

Inattentive Symptoms:

Difficulty paying close attention to details.
Making careless mistakes in school or work.
Struggling to stay focused on tasks.
Appearing not to listen when spoken to.
Forgetting or losing important items (keys, books, phones).
Struggling to organize tasks and complete projects.
Avoiding tasks that require long periods of focus.
Being easily distracted by surroundings.

Hyperactive-Impulsive Symptoms:

Constant fidgeting, tapping, or squirming.
Difficulty sitting still, even in situations where it’s expected.
Running or climbing in inappropriate situations.
Feeling restless and always on the go.
Talking excessively.
Interrupting conversations or blurting out answers.
Struggling to wait for their turn in activities.

Not everyone with ADHD experiences all symptoms, and the severity can vary from person to person.

What Is Autism?

Autism (Autism Spectrum Disorder) is a condition that primarily affects communication, social interactions, and behavior. Unlike ADHD, which focuses on attention and impulse control, Autism is more related to difficulties in understanding social cues and engaging in social activities.

Common Symptoms of Autism

Social Communication Challenges:

Difficulty with back-and-forth conversations.
Limited sharing of thoughts, emotions, or interests.
Unusual tone of voice or facial expressions.
Struggles with eye contact or body language.
Difficulty making friends or understanding social norms.
Preferring to be alone or engaging better with adults than peers.
Difficulty adapting to different social situations.

Repetitive Behaviors and Interests:

Repeating words, phrases, or actions (such as hand-flapping or rocking).
Having a strong attachment to specific routines.
Extreme distress when routines change.
Unusual fascination with objects, numbers, or topics.
Sensory sensitivities, such as discomfort with loud noises, bright lights, or certain textures.
Intense focus on specific interests for long periods.

Autistic traits can be present from early childhood but may become more noticeable as social expectations increase. Many individuals learn to mask their symptoms, making diagnosis in adulthood more complex.

How Are Autism and ADHD Different?

Although Autism and ADHD have overlapping traits, they are fundamentally different conditions.

Feature	ADHD	Autism
Main Challenge	Attention, impulsivity, hyperactivity	Social communication, repetitive behaviors
Social Struggles	Difficulty focusing in conversations due to attention issues	Difficulty understanding social cues and forming connections
Repetitive Behaviors	May occur but usually due to impulsivity	Common and often a strong characteristic
Reaction to Change	Can be disorganized but adapts with reminders	Struggles significantly with changes in routine
Sensory Sensitivities	Not always present	Often highly sensitive to sensory input

Can Someone Have Both Autism and ADHD?

Yes, many individuals have both Autism and ADHD. This is called a dual diagnosis. A person with both conditions may have a combination of symptoms that affect their ability to focus, interact socially, and manage daily life.

If you suspect that you or your child may have Autism, ADHD, or both, a professional evaluation can help provide clarity.

FAQs

1. How do I know if my child has ADHD or Autism?

ADHD is primarily about attention and hyperactivity, while Autism is more about social difficulties and repetitive behaviors. If your child struggles with social cues, prefers routines, and has sensory sensitivities, Autism may be a possibility. If they are more distracted, impulsive, and hyperactive, ADHD could be the cause.

2. Can Autism be mistaken for ADHD?

Yes. Since both conditions involve challenges with focus and behavior, they are sometimes confused. A proper psychological evaluation can help distinguish between the two.

3. Is ADHD on the Autism spectrum?

No. ADHD and Autism are separate conditions, though they can co-exist.

4. Do symptoms of ADHD and Autism change over time?

Yes. ADHD symptoms may improve with age and strategies for managing focus. Autism traits remain, though some individuals learn to mask their behaviors in social situations.

5. What should I do if I suspect Autism or ADHD?

If you believe you or your child might have Autism or ADHD, seeking a psychological evaluation from a specialist is the best step. This can provide a clear diagnosis and help with treatment options.

Conclusion

Both Autism and ADHD can impact daily life, but they are different conditions with unique challenges. ADHD is mainly about attention and impulse control, while Autism affects social interaction and behavior. Some people may have both, making it essential to seek a professional diagnosis if there are concerns.

If you’re looking for an evaluation, Dr. Jessica Myszak has over 11 years of experience conducting psychological assessments for both children and adults. She offers in-person and telehealth evaluations in several states across the U.S.

For more details or to schedule an assessment, visit Help & Healing Center or contact Dr. Myszak directly.